For many business owners, a vehicle is an essential tool. Whether it is for visiting clients, delivering goods, or simply keeping things moving, choosing how to finance a vehicle can have a big impact on cash flow and tax planning. There are several routes to consider, each with its own advantages.
Buying outright
The simplest option is to purchase the vehicle in full. This means your business owns it from day one. Buying outright avoids ongoing finance costs, but it does tie up capital. The tax advantage is that you may be able to claim capital allowances on the cost, reducing taxable profits. Cars with low CO₂ emissions attract more generous allowances, while commercial vehicles such as vans can often qualify for the full Annual Investment Allowance.
Hire purchase
Hire purchase spreads the cost of the vehicle over a fixed term. You make monthly instalments and become the legal owner once the final payment is made. Interest will be payable, but this option gives certainty over repayments and allows you to claim capital allowances on the vehicle as if you had bought it outright.
Finance lease
With a finance lease, your business pays to use the vehicle but never actually owns it. Instead, you may be able to extend the lease at a reduced cost or sell the vehicle on behalf of the finance company and keep part of the sale proceeds. The rentals are tax deductible, which helps to reduce taxable profits.
Contract hire
Contract hire is often called leasing. You agree to use the vehicle for a set period and mileage, paying fixed monthly rentals. At the end of the agreement, the vehicle is returned. This option keeps vehicles off your balance sheet and helps with budgeting, as servicing and maintenance can be included. The rentals are usually deductible for Corporation Tax, but restrictions apply if the car has high emissions.
Personal contract purchase (PCP)
Some directors use PCP agreements through the company. These combine monthly payments with the option to buy the vehicle at the end for a lump sum. The tax treatment is similar to hire purchase if the business owns the agreement, but careful thought is needed if it is held personally.
Final thought
There is no one best option. The right choice depends on cash flow, tax position, and how long you intend to keep the vehicle. Speaking with your accountant before committing can ensure the vehicle is financed in the most efficient way for your business.
